Understanding Urogynecology: Expert Insights from Dr. Costas Apostolis at Western Reserve Hospital

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Urogynecology is a transformative specialty focused on improving women’s pelvic health. For women experiencing challenges such as urinary leakage, pelvic organ prolapse, or pain during intercourse, this subspecialty offers hope and relief. Dr. Costas Apostolis, a urogynecologist at Western Reserve Hospital, shares his expertise to shed light on this often misunderstood field and its life-changing treatments.

Key Takeaways

  • Urogynecology addresses conditions like incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, and recurrent UTIs.
  • Minimally invasive treatments provide effective solutions with minimal downtime.
  • Early diagnosis and preventative care are key to improving quality of life.
  • Compassionate care ensures that every patient feels understood and supported.

What Is Urogynecology?

Urogynecology is a subspecialty within obstetrics and gynecology that focuses on pelvic health issues affecting women. Dr. Apostolis explains, “We specialize in addressing any condition below the belt that impacts a woman’s quality of life.”

This includes treating:

  • Urinary incontinence: Both stress incontinence (leakage with activities like coughing or laughing) and overactive bladder (frequent or urgent urination).
  • Pelvic organ prolapse: When the bladder, uterus, or rectum descends into the vaginal canal, causing pressure or discomfort.
  • Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), pelvic pain, and pain during intercourse.

Unlike general gynecology or urology, urogynecology combines elements of both fields to provide specialized care for these complex conditions.

The Most Common Conditions Treated

Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Pelvic organ prolapse occurs when the support structures in the pelvis weaken, allowing organs like the bladder or rectum to drop into the vaginal canal. Symptoms include:

  • Vaginal pressure.
  • Bulging sensations.
  • Constipation or difficulty emptying the bladder.

The most common cause is childbirth, but other factors, like aging and pelvic surgeries, also contribute.

Urinary Incontinence

Urinary leakage is another common concern. Dr. Apostolis highlights two main types:

  • Stress incontinence: Leakage during physical exertion, such as exercise or sneezing.
  • Overactive bladder: Urgency, frequent urination, and nighttime urination (nocturia).

Thankfully, both conditions have effective treatments that don’t always require surgery. “Starting the conversation is key,” says Dr. Apostolis. “There are many non-invasive options available.”

Innovative Treatments in Urogynecology

Advancements in urogynecology mean patients can now access minimally invasive and non-invasive treatments. These solutions are designed to improve quality of life with minimal downtime.

Non-Invasive Treatments

  • Pelvic floor therapy: Strengthening the muscles that support the pelvic organs.
  • Kegels: Simple exercises that can help reduce urgency and mild prolapse symptoms.

pelvic stretching western reserve hospital

Minimally Invasive Procedures

For more severe cases, urogynecology offers cutting-edge procedures:

  • Laparoscopic surgery for prolapse: Small incisions allow surgeons to elevate and reconstruct the pelvic organs.
  • Outpatient procedures for stress incontinence: A quick, 10–15 minute procedure with a 95% success rate.

“Patients can now undergo procedures with minimal downtime and return to their lives the same day,” notes Dr. Apostolis.

The Role of Pelvic Floor Health in Overall Well-Being

Dr. Apostolis emphasizes that pelvic health is central to a woman’s overall well-being. The pelvis acts as a “crossroads” for the body, impacting urination, sexual function, and even lower back stability. When the pelvic floor is compromised, it can disrupt everyday life.

Risk Factors for Pelvic Floor Disorders

The most significant risk factors include:

  • Childbirth, especially vaginal deliveries.
  • Aging, as tissues weaken over time.
  • Pelvic surgeries, like hysterectomies.
  • Hormonal changes, particularly a loss of estrogen.
  • Smoking, which contributes to tissue destruction.

Preventative Care for Pelvic Health

Preventative measures can help reduce the risk of pelvic floor disorders. Dr. Apostolis recommends:

  • Kegel exercises: These strengthen the pelvic floor and improve bladder control.
  • Annual exams: Regular checkups with an OB-GYN or urogynecologist to monitor for early signs of prolapse or incontinence.
  • Pelvic floor physical therapy: For those experiencing pain or pressure.

“Early evaluation is key,” Dr. Apostolis explains. Identifying potential issues early can prevent symptoms from worsening.

What to Expect from a Visit to a Urogynecologist

Visiting a urogynecologist for the first time might feel intimidating, but Dr. Apostolis reassures patients that the experience is compassionate and judgment-free.

First Visit Overview

  • Questionnaires: Patients complete forms about their symptoms, sexual function, and quality of life.
  • Pelvic Exam: A thorough evaluation to identify underlying issues.
  • Treatment Plan: Patients leave with a clear diagnosis and tailored options for care.

The focus is on making patients feel comfortable while addressing their concerns.

Dispelling Misconceptions About Urogynecology

One of the most common myths about urogynecology is that surgery is the only solution. “That’s absolutely not true,” Dr. Apostolis states. Non-invasive and minimally invasive treatments are effective for many conditions, allowing women to avoid major surgery.

Dr. Apostolis also emphasizes that embarrassment shouldn’t keep women from seeking care. “We applaud those who take the step to seek care because it takes courage.”

Who Should See a Urogynecologist?

Anyone experiencing the following symptoms should consider seeing a urogynecologist:

  • Vaginal pressure or bulging sensations.
  • Urinary leakage or urgency.
  • Pain or dryness with intercourse.
  • Recurrent urinary tract infections.
  • Unexplained pelvic, back, or hip pain.

Even if you’re unsure, consulting a specialist can provide clarity and peace of mind.

Why Compassionate Care Matters

Dr. Apostolis believes that listening is the most important part of patient care. By creating a space where patients feel heard and understood, he builds trust and empowers women to take control of their health. “The goal is to provide treatment options that help patients feel comfortable and confident again,” he says.

Take Control of Your Pelvic Health Today

If you’re experiencing symptoms like urinary leakage, pelvic pressure, or pain, know that you’re not alone—and help is available. Dr. Costas Apostolis and the team at Western Reserve Hospital specialize in compassionate, expert care designed to improve your quality of life.

Contact Western Reserve Hospital today to learn more or to schedule an appointment.